Coffee consumption and prostate cancer risk
In men, the more than 6 cups of coffee a day, the risk of getting an advanced prostate cancer, less than half as large as in "coffee drinkers". Normal or decaffeinated does not matter.
Coffee contains a plurality of chemical substances, such as caffeine, minerals, and so-called secondary metabolites (eg caffeic acid). Some of them have an impact on the metabolism of blood sugar, or of sex hormones (eg, androgens ), and some anti-inflammatory or as antioxidants protect the body from harmful metabolic products. Since all of these processes may also play a role in prostate cancer, U.S. researchers have the relationship between coffee consumption and the risk of prostate cancer examined in more detail:
In the Health Professionals Follow-up Study of life and health of more than 50,000 men are investigated since 1986, working in the U.S. in healthcare and old at the beginning between 40 and 75 years were. Of these, nearly 48,000 men 1986-2006 had also filled out a detailed questionnaire about their diet every 4 years, so that they could be included in this evaluation.For them, the incidence of prostate cancer to 2006 and was the incidence of metastases and death followed until 2008.
Results: Of 47 911 men were 5035 prostate cancer was assessed in 3221 as a non-advanced (T1-2 N0 M0; confined to the prostate, the TNM system see the growth and spread of prostate cancer ) and 896 as advanced (T3b- 4 and / or N1 and / or M1 or death from prostate cancer), of which at 642 to be lethal (deadly; bone metastases or death from prostate cancer). Two thirds of all drank at least one cup of coffee per day, 5% even at least six cups. In the last group were more often smokers and less frequently men with high physical activity.
After correcting the data for age, smoking, obesity and other factors the following correlation showed: Compared to men who drank no coffee, had men with a high coffee consumption (at least 6 cups per day) have a lower risk for prostate cancer, namely by 18% for all forms by 53% for an advanced tumor and by 60% for the lethal form (note: lower at 4-5 cups per day by only 7%, 27% and 24% respectively). High-grade tumors ( Gleason score 8-10) were hardly rare, no correlation existed at low-grade tumors (Gleason score 2-6) and not advanced cancer.Likewise, it did not matter whether the men had been drinking normal or dekoffeinierten coffee.This spoke for an influence of other bioactive substances in coffee as caffeine.
Since the strong coffee drinker unhealthy living (eg, more smoking and less moving) as the "coffee-drinkers", made it unlikely that their other habits distort the results. Also, no evidence of an inverse association could be found, so that advanced tumors have led to reduced coffee intake. The fact that so far no association between coffee consumption and prostate cancer has been found (eg small number of cases, no evaluation after cancer stages) was probably due to various limitations of previous studies. Disadvantages of this study consist in the opinion of the authors in the nature and scope of the survey (subjective information in the questionnaire and no detection of consumption in earlier years of life).
Conclusion of the authors
Men who drank coffee regularly had a lower risk of advanced and lethal prostate cancer. It is premature to recommend that men on the basis of this one study to drink more coffee to reduce this risk. In addition, while the effects of coffee on other areas of health need to be considered (note: such as possible negative effects on the gastro-intestinal tract or cardiovascular system). The results could still be important, especially since no other modifiable risk factors for advanced prostate cancer are known. You should be verified in other meaningful studies.
Source
Wilson, KM, et al.: Coffee consumption and prostate cancer risk and progression in the health professionals follow-up study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2011; 103: 876-884
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