Surgical Treatment
Surgical treatment of mesothelioma is not standardized because this disease is not usually diagnosed until it is in its last stages. Many surgical options are palliative rather than curative nature. This means that with them only the symptoms of the disease are alleviated and quality of life will improve, but not cure the patient. Currently there is no cure for mesothelioma and no surgical alternative is used as a preventive treatment.
Surgical Options for Mesothelioma
There are different surgical options for those suffering from mesothelioma. Some of them can be carried out many times in the same patient, while others are used as a last resort. The idea behind all of them is to make the patient feel as good as possible after diagnosis. The most common surgical options are:
Thoracentesis
This procedure involves the liquid extract is formed around the layer surrounding the lungs. This fluid causes chest pain and limitation in breathing, so if these symptoms improve extracted. That the most common mesothelioma treatment and can be performed as an outpatient procedure. If a patient has a mesothelioma that is located in the center of the abdomen, a similar surgical technique can be performed to remove fluid in this area.
Pleurodesis
This procedure involves injecting talc or other chemicals in the chest cavity to prevent the formation of pleural fluid. It has a 90% success rate for patients with mesothelioma. Although a successful procedure is only a temporary mediad. As for execution anesthesia is required, the operation is performed in the hospital.
Pleurectomy
A pleurectomy is a surgery that involves decortication of the lung and the parietal pleura. Involves resecting both the parietal and visceral pleura. Additionally, you can also involve resection of the pericardium, diaphragm or other lung nodules.
In addition to mesothelioma patients this technique also applies to patients with pleural effusion or other trauma. Normally thoracic or cardiothoracic surgeons are carrying out this intervention carries with it the use of general anesthesia.
It is an invasive surgery that involves performing an incision in the affected area to remove the pleura and after tissue area, chemotherapy and radiation can also be used to treat these patients. While pleurodesis is commonly used to reduce the pleural fluid and reduce pain, pleurectomy is recommended to attack more aggressively so this condition.
Although it is a procedure that involves more, the patient can give pleurectomÃa and patient improvement as to the symptoms that are associated with the pleural effusion. After undergoing this intervention patient follow a postoperative treatment including alternative practice breathing exercises and frequent dressing change. Usually those who have a sedentary job may return to work after a couple of weeks.
Extrapleural pneumonectomy
During this procedure the surgeon removes the lining of the chest wall, pericardium, diaphragm and lungs of the body where the tumor is present. Then surgeons reconstruct the pericardium and diaphragm using prosthetic material. Given the nature of the intervention, it is only done if the doctor thinks no cure. Patients who undergo this procedure have an epithelial mesothelioma and have good health. Only specialized doctors can make this operation as many times the patient will have to be moved from his hospital.
Lobectomy
Lobectomy is a surgical procedure performed for the treatment of mesothelioma and involves performing a split or resect the lung. This technique is carried out only in the early stages of the disease it can not be used when there is metastasis.
Given the level of the invasive, this surgery can only be performed with patients in good physical condition and are to be able to overcome the intervention and postoperative. Lobectomy is performed during thoracotomy, when the incision in the chest and rib resection allows the surgeon access to the lungs.
After the incision has been made and when physicians have access to the affected lung, major arteries and veins are "stapled. Free of all is when the tissue is extracted lung lobe. To complete the surgery a drain pipe that prevents lung collapse or the formation of post-surgical pleural fluid is introduced.
The operation requires anesthesia and is known as one of the most difficult since the postoperative process where the patient suffers from serious pain interventions. As a result of this pain patients do not breathe, which can lead to major complications such as atelacsia, an absence of gas in the alveoli or pneumonia
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